Code ISBN : 978-92-842-0644-5 Number of pages : 231 Publishing date : 2023 Language : English

Chapter 1 Inherent and discretionary powers of arbitrators Catherine Kessedjian.... 17 I. Introduction.... 17 II. Five transversal issues.... 19 (a) Should/could the tribunal act sua sponte?.... 19 (b) The president’s powers and the internal functioning of the tribunal.... 20 (c) Seeking the parties’ agreement or observations 21 (d) Should the tribunal justify its use of inherent powers?.... 23 (e) Are inherent powers discretionary?.... 23 III. Inherent powers linked to the management of the proceedings and evidence, or inward-looking powers.... 24 (a) Evidence.... 25 (b) Interim measures.... 26 (c) Professional ethical issues or disciplinary powers.... 26 (d) Main case management decisions.... 26 (e) Costs.... 28 IV. Inherent powers linked to the substance of the dispute or outward-looking powers.... 29 (a) Settlement facilitation.... 29 (b) Raising legal issues not raised by the parties.... 30 V. Conclusion.... 32 Chapter 2 Technology and arbitration: revisiting the paradigms of case management David W. Rivkin.... 36 I. Introduction.... 36 II. The prevailing paradigm.... 37 III. A state of crisis.... 38 III.1. Pre-pandemic challenges to the prevailing paradigm.... 38 III.2. The pandemic as a catalyst for change.... 39 IV. Adoption of new paradigms?.... 41 IV.1. Low-hanging fruit.... 41 IV.2. A more radical proposal.... 42 V. Conclusion.... 48 Annex to Chapter 2: Town Elder arbitration rules (as of 20 January 2022).... 51 Chapter 3 Refreshing Redfern: the document production schedule Gonzalo Stampa.... 57 I. Document production in international commercial arbitration.... 57 II. The Redfern schedule: uses and misuses in practice and proposals to improve its efficiency.... 62 III. Document production schedule.... 64 III.1. The general principles associated with the use of the DPS.... 65 III.2. The format of the DPS.... 66 IV. Conclusion.... 68 Annex 1 to Chapter 3: Bibliography (document references used in this chapter).... 73 Annex 2 to Chapter 3: Procedure for analysis of DPS data.... 75 Annex 3 to Chapter 3: Sample DPS.... 76 Chapter 4 Compliance with document production orders Kathryn Khamsi.... 87 I. Introduction.... 87 II. Ensuring compliance with document production orders: traditional paradigm.... 87 III. Technology-assisted review (TAR).... 90 IV. Oversight of TAR.... 91 IV.1. Whether and when to use TAR?.... 92 IV.2. When is the TAR finished?.... 94 V. Conclusion.... 96 Chapter 5 The use and abuse of factual witnesses Xavier Favre-Bulle and Christopher Newmark.... 100 I. Introduction: setting the scene.... 100 I.1. Using witness evidence: when and for what purpose?.... 100 I.2. Witnesses as supporting evidence: need for underlying factual allegations?.... 101 I.3. Mandatory limitations to collecting witness evidence?.... 102 II. Relevant soft law and studies.... 103 II.1. IBA (Rules of evidence; Guidelines on party representation); Prague Rules; ASA Toolbox; etc...... 103 II.2. Report on the accuracy of fact witness memory in international arbitration of the ICC Task Force maximising the probative value of witness evidence.... 108 III. Fighting against abuses: when is witness evidence misused?.... 111 IV. How best to prepare, present and use witness evidence?.... 113 IV.1. Role of counsel when interviewing witnesses.... 113 IV.2. Written witness statements or not?.... 116 IV.3. Best practices for drafting witness statements.... 119 IV.4. Witness ‘preparation’ before the hearing.... 122 IV.5. Witness evidence at the hearing.... 124 V. Assessment and conclusions: the need for new rules (mandatory/soft law) and/or reinforced directions by arbitral tribunals?.... 128 V.1. Enhanced procedural directions for streamlining the witness evidentiary process?.... 128 V.2. Are the IBA Rules of evidence, Prague Rules and other soft law instruments sufficient? Is more needed?.... 130 Chapter 6 Witness statements and memorials Doug Jones and Robert Turnbull.... 133 I. Introduction.... 133 II. What are witness statements?.... 134 III. What is holding back witness statements?.... 134 IV. What should a witness statement do?.... 135 V. How do we improve witness statements?.... 135 VI. What effect have the proposals had?.... 136 VII. Conclusion.... 137 Annex to Chapter 6: Draft procedural order dealing with Witnesses.... 139 Chapter 7 Redefining the role and value of expert evidence Doug Jones.... 142 I. Introduction.... 142 II. Who are the expert witnesses?.... 142 III. Methods of appointment.... 144 III.1.The meeting of traditions in international arbitration rules.... 144 IV. Comparative analysis.... 148 IV.1. Tribunal appointed experts.... 148 IV.2. Party appointed experts.... 155 V. Proposed solutions.... 161 V.1. Party appointed experts case management protocol.... 162 V.2. Post-hearing expert access protocol.... 165 VI. Conclusion.... 167 Annex 1 to Chapter 7: Example expert witness procedural order.... 172 Annex 2: Example expert access protocol (quantum experts).... 174 Chapter 8 Reflections on “effective” evidentiary hearings and the staying power of virtual hearings Stephanie Cohen and Jason Chan.... 176 I. Introduction.... 176 II. Virtual hearings: fit for crisis.... 177 III. Effectiveness for enforceability beyond crisis.... 178 IV. Shifting procedural norms.... 179 V. Traditional preferences for in-person hearings.... 181 VI. Effectiveness limited by technological competence.... 181 VII. Effectiveness in eliciting truthful testimony.... 182 VIII. Effectiveness for assessing demeanour and credibility.... 183 IX. Effectiveness of advocacy.... 185 X. Technological equality of arms.... 186 XI. Time zones.... 187 XII. Client engagement and settlement.... 188 XIII. Team communications and tribunal deliberations.... 188 XIV. Efficiency of time and costs.... 188 XV. Environmental impact.... 188 XVI. Conclusion.... 189 Chapter 9 Implementation of remote hearings: challenges and prospects from an African perspective Mouhamed Kebe.... 195 I. Introduction.... 195 II. Countries with pre-existing infrastructure for online hearings.... 195 III. Countries slow to implement virtual hearings.... 196 IV. A closer look at africa.... 197 V. Arbitration in the virtual world: greater room for flexibility and more benefits.... 198 VI. Adjustment to virtual arbitration in the context of africa.... 199 VI.1. West and Central Africa, including the OHADA zone.... 199 VI.2. East Africa.... 200 VI.3. North Africa.... 201 VI.4. Southern Africa.... 201 VI.5. Challenges particular to virtual hearings—technology, witnesses, and other challenges.... 202 VII. Conclusion.... 208 Concluding remarks Patricia Peterson.... 213 I. A look to the past.... 213 II. A look at the present.... 215 III. The contributions in this dossier.... 215 IV. A look to the future.... 220 Biographies.... 224 Tableofcases.... 229 ICC dispute resolution publications.... 232 About ICC.... 238

Edited by Bernardo M. Cremades Patricia Peterson Authors (as they appear in the publication) Catherine Kessedjian David W. Rivkin Gonzalo Stampa Kathryn Khamsi Xavier Favre-Bulle Christopher Newmark Doug Jones Robert Turnbull Stephanie Cohen Jason Chan Mouhamed Kebe Patricia Peterson